Spinal fusion is a surgical procedure that permanently connects two or more vertebrae to stabilize the spine and reduce pain. This treatment is primarily used for conditions such as spinal fractures, degenerative disc disease, scoliosis, and spinal instability. The procedure involves placing bone grafts or implants between the affected vertebrae, sometimes secured with metal plates, rods, or screws. Over time, the bones fuse together, preventing movement in the affected area. Patients typically require rehabilitation to regain strength and mobility. By stabilizing the spine, spinal fusion helps alleviate pain and improve overall spinal function.

Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) is a neurosurgical procedure that uses implanted electrodes to deliver controlled electrical impulses to specific areas of the brain. This treatment is primarily used for neurological conditions such as Parkinson’s disease, essential tremor, dystonia, and some psychiatric disorders. The procedure involves placing a small pulse generator under the skin, which continuously modulates abnormal brain activity. DBS is adjustable and reversible, allowing for personalized treatment with minimal side effects. Patients often experience significant symptom relief, improving their quality of life. By regulating brain signals, DBS offers a long-term solution for managing movement disorders.